The heart of any computer is the processor. It is a highly complex integrated circuit. The dimensions of the transistors that enforce the binary logic in the processor are so small that they are measured in nanometers. While the computing frequency of modern processors is measured in gigahertz (many of these chips also have more than one computing core). With such a colossal load in such a small volume, it is quite natural that a significant amount of heat is released. Since the normal operation of the processor is guaranteed only at low temperatures, the problem of heat dissipation (or, more commonly, cooling) becomes very urgent.
Standard measures for heat dissipation (cooling) of processors
The most common cooling method used in computer technology is a radiator with forced mechanical cooling (fan).
Naturally, such a design is present by default in all computers and practically does not require any actions for its modification by the user. However, to troubleshoot possible problems with the processor cooling system, you should be aware of its features.
To improve thermal conductivity, a special material is placed between the processor surface and the heatsink - heat-conducting paste. It is necessary for better heat transfer from the processor to the heatsink. In less efficient systems, the cooling radiator may be without a fan, however, in modern computers this is already a rarity. In super-efficient systems - supercomputers, innovative cooling systems are used, up to liquid ones.
Signs of processor overheating
However, factory measures do not eliminate the problem of high CPU heating in the future. And the older the computer, the more likely it is to occur. An ordinary user can identify this problem, remembering that overheating of the processor leads to incorrect operation of the computer. This is expressed in crashes, freezes, increased command processing time, uncontrolled random system reboots and computer shutdowns.
The main causes of processor overheating
To apply adequate measures to reduce the heating of the processor, you must first identify the reason due to which there is a strong heating. In practice, it usually consists of one of the following:
1. Incorrect or insufficient design of the heat sink system from the processor;
2. Poor quality thermal paste;
3. Incorrect installation of the radiator;
4. Fan breakage or heavy dust contamination.
Solving the problem of processor overheating yourself
Constant overheating of the processor can lead either to malfunction of the system, or even to its complete failure. Therefore, it is better to prevent overheating than to deal with its consequences.
First, do not skimp on the cooling system for your computer, replacing the processor will cost more.
Secondly, monitor the fan on the processor heatsink and the fan on the system unit that supplies air to the inside of the computer.
Thirdly, do not place the system unit in narrow niches without air access and do not block ventilation openings, especially in hot weather.
Fourth, check the processor temperature from time to time as a preventive measure. Most modern computers allow you to do this using various utilities.
Fifth, do not remove the heatsink from the processor surface by yourself if you do not have the skills to do so. Also, remember that thermal grease is used when installing the heatsink.
