A router is one of the devices designed to build a computer network and ensure its stable operation. A router translates data packets between various network elements, guided by certain rules and parameters.
Instructions
Step 1
All routers are divided into hardware and software. Hardware routers are separate devices designed to provide communication between segments of a computer network. Software routers are computers that have special software installed that provides network routing. Routers operate with the third layer of the OSI model, while switches and hubs operate with the second layer.
Step 2
Typically, a router works by defining a route that is encrypted in packet data from a computer or other device. This scheme prevents sending "false" data to network computers, thereby significantly reducing the load on the computer network and its elements.
Step 3
Modern hardware routers are built using their own software. This improves the performance of the device and allows you to quickly access and change its settings. The routing table is responsible for the packet distribution scheme. Usually, two main methods are used to compose it: static and dynamic. The first type includes routes that do not change over time or change at a certain, predetermined moment. This method is very time consuming because the static route table needs to be replaced when the network map changes.
Step 4
The dynamic routing table automatically processes the received packets and sends them to the correct address, guided by certain rules. Its use allows you to easily change the structure of the network without having to reconfigure the router.
Step 5
Modern routers can provide communication between wired and wireless LAN, connecting them together. At the same time, all devices can access Internet resources using a single external IP address.
