The word "diagram" in Greek means "drawing". Basically, a chart is a graphical way of presenting data that allows you to quickly estimate the ratio of several quantities. That is why charts are used in various kinds of statistics. This can be a presentation of the results of a survey, and statistics of the company's income, and comparison of the growth of stock indicators.
Instructions
Step 1
There are different types of charts. Charts-graphs are built on a two-dimensional array of data represented by the table. Unlike the construction of graphs of functions in mathematics, when constructing diagrams, a formula for the dependence of one variable on another is not sought. Just draw two axes and plot points on them. Then connect the points with straight line segments and you get a data graph-graph. Such a chart is useful for comparing several graphs of price increases in sales efficiency over a certain period of time. At the same time, if there are sharp jumps in the growth or decrease of the chart, then the accuracy of plotting on other intervals of the time scale decreases.
Step 2
Chart charts have a subtype: charts with a filled area. Area diagrams are built in the same way as graphs. Then the area under the graph is painted over.
Step 3
Column charts or bar charts are one of the most common types of data presentation. They represent several columns of different heights. Histograms are also plotted for a two-dimensional data array. Usually, one series of data sets the time intervals, and the second - some indicators that change over time, which are of primary interest. Draw two axes again, determine which data will be plotted along one of them, and which - along the other. The height of the column corresponds to the quantitative indicator, and its position on the axis corresponds to the temporal one.
Step 4
All diagrams can be plotted in volume, not just on a plane. This usually only gives a visual effect. But in the case of, for example, bar charts, the 3D image sometimes allows you to show more data in less space. In this case, the columns are not located on a straight line, but on a spatial grid.
Step 5
Pie charts are very popular with sociologists. To build pie charts, a one-dimensional data array is taken. All data are summed up, and then, for each element of the array, its share in this total is calculated. Then a circle of arbitrary radius is built and sectors-shares of the elements of the data array are marked on it. The pie chart has received the slang name "pizza" because of the similarity to pizza cut into pieces.
