Everyone knows how to disassemble and assemble a computer today. If you show which component of the machine is out of order, you can probably replace it yourself. But the location of the defective item is not always obvious.
Instructions
Step 1
Try to determine which component has failed by the nature of the malfunction. For example, if the hard disk knocks monotonously when accessing a sector, and the CD-ROM drive rings, and after a certain number of attempts to read or write an error occurs, it is obvious that this particular device is out of order. To check hard drives for bad sectors, use the Victoria bootable CD.
Step 2
In the event that malfunctions occur during the operation of programs, moreover, even when there is no access to any drives, the memory modules are "to blame". Test them with the Memtest86 + program. Removing the modules one by one (after turning off the power to the machine), use this program to determine which of them is the cause of the failures. Replace only it.
Step 3
If there is no image on the screen, first of all try to temporarily replace the video card with another (also when the system unit is de-energized). If the reason is precisely in it, the image will appear.
Step 4
If the computer turns on, but does not "show signs of life", and then does not turn off with the power key, even if you hold it for a long time, the motherboard has failed, and this happened due to a malfunction of the power supply, which began to generate an overestimated voltage along the line standby power supply. Send the power supply in for repair, and then purchase a motherboard that fits the old processor - it has not burned out.
Step 5
For chaotic crashes and freezes, inspect the motherboard for swollen capacitors. To replace them, contact the workshop, since the board is multilayer, and even if you have soldering skills, but lack of experience with multilayer boards, it is easy to ruin it.
Step 6
If there is no picture, and the built-in speaker is making sounds, find what they mean by entering the following line into a search engine:
(BIOS manufacturer name) beep codes
Since it is impossible to identify the BIOS manufacturer from the splash screen in the absence of an image, refer to the sticker located on the ROM chip or next to it.
Step 7
To speed up the troubleshooting of your computer, purchase a card called a POST card. Its name is a kind of pun: postcard - postcard, POST - Power-On Self-Test, card - expansion card (one of the meanings). It is installed (also when the computer is off) into one of the PCI slots, and either shows a fault code on a digital indicator, or its name - on a matrix one. In the first case, a booklet with a description of the fault codes is attached to it. Sometimes such a device is built into the motherboard.
