Sometimes you need to make a backup copy of the system and restore it from the archive. In operating systems of the Windows family, this task can be performed in a few clicks, but for systems of the Linux family, a few mouse movements are not enough.
Necessary
Operating system Linux Ubuntu
Instructions
Step 1
First of all, you need to have on hand the standard Ubuntu Live boot disk from which the current system was installed on your hard drive. The size of the archive with the system in its pure form will be at least 3, in the compressed form at least 1.5 GB, so you should select a drive of the appropriate size (if you intend to save the archive on a removable medium).
Step 2
Insert the installation disc into the tray and auto-run it while restarting your computer. In the menu, select the line "Start Ubuntu without installation". Open the console, the so-called "Terminal" - a program that looks similar to the command line in OS Windows. Press the key combination Ctrl + alt="Image" + T or through the menu "Applications" and the section "Standard".
Step 3
In operating systems of the Linux family, there is no concept of an administrator and just a user; there is a superuser, which is equivalent to an administrator. To perform most of the actions allowed by the superuser, you must register the command $ sudo -s and press the Enter key. The index # will be automatically added to all subsequent commands, so you should enter commands without this symbol.
Step 4
To list all disks, enter the fdisk -l command and press the Enter key. Find the drive to be backed up and remember its name, for example, / dev / sdb1. Now you need to create a folder that will contain the contents of the selected section. Enter the command mkdir / media / papka followed by mount / dev / sdb1 / media / papka.
Step 5
To exclude some directories as unwanted for archiving, enter the gedit / media / backup / exclude command. Specify the list of folders and click the "Save" button, then close the document. To navigate to the archive folder, enter the command cd / media / bubunta, then enter tar -X / media / backup / exclude -czf /media/backup/backup.tgz *. The last command starts the start of archiving. After a while, the archive will be ready.
Step 6
To restore from an archive, copy it to a specific folder by running the following command cp _path_to_archive_source_folder. You can unpack it with the following command tar -xzpsf backup.tgz. To install the bootloader, run the following line in a terminal, grub-install –root-directory = / media / papka / dev / sdb. The restoration was complete.
