Information technology (IT) refers to a wide class of different disciplines and areas of activity related to technologies for managing, creating and processing data.
According to the definition of the world organization UNESCO, information technology is a set of interrelated technological, scientific and engineering disciplines, created to study the most effective organization of the work of people involved in storing and processing information; computer technology, methods of organization and interaction of production equipment with people; practical application of this equipment. Information technologies themselves require multilevel training, considerable initial costs and high technology. Their implementation begins with software, the creation of information flows in the system of training specialists. Recently, IT is most often understood as computer technologies, because the work of information technology is associated with the exploitation of computers and software for storing, processing, protecting, receiving and transmitting information. Specialists in this field are called IT specialists. In the broadest sense, the term "information technology" covers not only computer, but all areas of transmission, storage and use of information. The emergence of electronic computers has brought IT to a new level. Development of IT is considered to be from the 60s of the twentieth century with the emergence of information systems (IS). An information system is an organizationally ordered interconnected set of IT tools and methods used to process, store and receive information. The main technical means of IS is a computer that implements the information process and the issuance of information for making decisions on problems in any field. Implementation of IS functions is impossible without knowledge of IT oriented towards it. Information technologies, in turn, can exist outside the sphere of information systems. Consequently, the concept of "information technology" is more capacious, it reflects the modern understanding of the processes of transformation of information in society.
