Computers

Last modified: 2025-01-22 21:01

Now in the houses and apartments of many Russians, several computers can be used simultaneously. To download large files from a PC to a laptop, or vice versa, it is best to network your home computers. Necessary - Computer; - notebook

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The device manager in the Windows operating system is responsible for collecting and displaying information about all the components that make up the computer, as well as the devices connected to it - a printer, webcam, usb media, and others

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Gadgets in relation to a computer are called mini-applications that do not have their own "engines", but use, for example, a browser installed in the system. The result of their work is usually the appearance on the desktop of windows containing an analog clock, weather widgets, mini-games, etc

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To manage users, a special applet is included in the Windows XP operating system, which can be launched from the control panel. In addition, account operations can still be performed through the command line emulator using DOS commands. Therefore, to delete a user in Windows XP, you have several options to choose from

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Windows gadgets are special mini-programs that greatly facilitate and simplify the work on the computer, providing the user with additional information right on the desktop. Necessary - a computer with Windows operating system installed

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Microsoft Windows XP is one of the most widely used operating systems in the world. Created in 2001, XP has been the leader among competitors in the software market for 10 years in terms of reliability, information security and ease of use. Another advantage of XP is that it supports multiple users with different privileges

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In some cases, especially when a software or system failure occurs, the operating system user accounts are deleted. When the computer is rebooted, the user cannot log into the system using his username. It would seem that the situation is hopeless, but do not despair

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Working on a computer, the user may decide that he needs to undo an action or a given command. Cancellation methods will depend on which application or component it was working with. Instructions Step 1 In the event that you need to undo the last action performed in a text, graphics editor, browser, 3D modeling application or any other program designed to enter and / or edit data, find the "

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Adobe Photoshop is a powerful digital imaging tool. This is a tool for solving professional problems. Due to its focus on the professional environment, Photoshop is not famous for its simplicity. Therefore, beginners using Photoshop have a lot of questions

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When working on a personal computer, unexpected errors or malfunctions in programs or in the system may occur. There are various ways to get out of errors. Instructions Step 1 If you work in a text editor Microsoft Word, you may encounter such typical errors as inserting an object in the wrong line, including a different case, choosing a design style that does not match the type of document, and others

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Each graphic file has its own resolution, which is measured in pixels. The volume of a photo or picture in megapixels can be obtained by multiplying the number of pixels in width by their number in the height of the graphic file. At the same time, in order to quickly transfer large images by e-mail and save space on a flash drive or disk, the resolution of images is often subject to change

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Adobe Illustrator gives you the ability to undo and redo when you make mistakes while working, and automate repetitive actions to save time on creative tasks. Undo and redo changes in Adobe Illustrator The Undo and Redo commands allow you to undo and redo actions, correcting mistakes in the process

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The Windows startup screen is used as the background image when the computer is turned on. The user can change the standard picture of the welcome screen to his own by changing some of the system settings. Instructions Step 1 Open the "

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Having installed additional software on your computer for more convenient downloading of data from the Internet, it is best to immediately configure its integration with the browser to save files using it. Instructions Step 1 Download any file downloader program that is convenient and suitable for you

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You probably know that when you start any operating system, a welcome screen appears. For most users, this screen is the standard splash screen set by the manufacturer of a particular operating system. If you want, you can change it and set your own unique welcome screen

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In the Microsoft Windows XP operating system, it is possible to configure the action for the button of the system unit. In particular, you can turn off the computer, put it into standby or hibernation mode. Customization is done with a few mouse clicks

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Pressing this or that button on the computer leads to some specific action. Sometimes some system keys are convenient, and sometimes not quite, as they can be touched during operation. In response, this or that function will be launched. Shutdown buttons are no exception

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It often happens that the execution of the program should take longer than we can afford to be at the computer. For this, many applications have developed a special function to turn off the system after the operation is completed. However, if one is not available, you can configure the shutdown yourself at any time convenient for you

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If you like to bring a piece of yourself into everything that surrounds you, or simply decided to equip a workplace in front of a computer, remember that your possibilities are almost as endless as when decorating a room or an entire apartment

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Many personal computer users are not satisfied with the standard images (they come with the operating system) that can be used as desktop wallpaper. Or the same topics are boring, you want something new, unusual. Some people download wallpapers from the Internet

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If you work at a computer all the time, you may want to customize your workspace to your liking. This goes for icon and font size and of course the background image. Ready-made desktop wallpaper can be found on many Internet resources or you can make it yourself

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Beginning with Vista, the Microsoft Windows operating system provides the user with additional options for personalizing the computer desktop, including dynamic background video playback. Necessary - Windows Dream Scene; - Windows Movie Maker

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The display of hidden files and folders in computers running Windows version 7 may be required by the user when performing various service procedures or troubleshooting certain problems. Enabling this function does not require special training or the involvement of additional software

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Certain critical files related to the Windows operating system have additional "Hidden" or "System" attributes. This helps protect some files from accidental deletion or modification. Instructions Step 1 To access the files you need through standard Windows Explorer, you need to change the object display settings

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Many users, inadvertently, often delete the My Documents folder from their desktop. After emptying the trash can, there comes a time when there is an urgent need to restore the folder, but the trash is empty. Necessary Computer

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Disabling the welcome page in the Microsoft Windows XP operating system belongs to the category of standard procedures and is carried out by standard means of the system itself. Instructions Step 1 Log in to the system using the standard method using your account and open the main menu of the Microsoft Windows XP operating system by clicking the "

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If you want your computer to be customized to your liking in every detail and reflect your personality, you can change the standard Windows labels - set a personalized greeting. To do this, you will have to stock up on some knowledge of how to do it simply, quickly and without compromising the system

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Many people want to replace the boring greeting picture with something that enhances the mood or suits their tastes. This can be done with only the Restorator program and any graphic editor at your disposal. Necessary Restorator, photoshop Instructions Step 1 Go to the SYSTEM32 directory

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An icon is a shortcut that displays a link to a specific file. Depending on the file format and computer settings, icons depicting program logos, formats, or simply pictures set by the user are used. If you want, you can display the file icon for quick access, for example, in the Start menu

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Icons are images that represent the contents of a shortcut, program, or file. They are used to quickly find differences between items on the desktop or any directory. For example, on the desktop of your computer, you can find 2 files with the same name, but different resolutions

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A shortcut for launching a program is a very handy thing. Many applications, even during installation, offer to create a launch shortcut on the desktop. If you either forgot or did not receive this offer, do not be discouraged, because you are quite capable of creating a shortcut yourself

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The main advantages and characteristics of Windows XP are known, perhaps, to almost everyone, but, unfortunately, this operating system is already outdated and has been replaced by new varieties of OS that have a large number of different advantages

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Reinstalling Windows affects every PC user. Using the services of a wizard, you spend extra money, which can be avoided, since the process of installing a new system is quite simple. In order to reinstall the windows system, you will need:

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As a rule, sooner or later, each user faces the problem of updating the existing version of the Windows operating system to an updated one. This process is not as complicated as it seems at first glance and can be performed even by a novice user

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DirectX is software that allows you to play the latest video games and run a variety of applications. The latest DirectX version that Windows XP supports is 9.0c. Its installation is done quickly enough. Instructions Step 1 Open your web browser and go to Microsoft's official website

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Updating the software is necessary for the correct operation of programs, the security of the computer from possible viruses from the Internet, and simply for the operability of some system applications, which may become outdated due to a long update

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More than five years have passed since the release of the Windows XP operating system. Some of its users still believe that this system is the most stable. Studies show that this is just a habit and unwillingness to try out new solutions and new features of the latest operating systems of the Windows family

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Every computer connected to the Internet has its own unique digital number, called an IP address. It can be constant or changing from connection to connection, that is, dynamic. The type of address is determined by your network service provider

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In the life of some novice computer users, unexpected difficulties sometimes arise, for example, the lack of a desktop, more precisely - shortcuts both on the desk itself and in the taskbar. The user simply boots up the computer, and the screen in front of him is almost blank

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Often, users of a personal computer are faced with problems of incorrect display of information on the display. Also, there are problems with displaying icons, since the resolution is too high. Necessary - computer; - administrator rights

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Before the main operating system is loaded, the computer is controlled by the basic input / output system - BIOS. Its firmware contains the protocols for checking the operability of devices required to start working, as well as the procedure for initiating the boot of the main OS

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Swap files (swap files) are used to increase the total amount of virtual memory that can be used by all processes running on the computer. In Windows, paging files can be located on one or more hard drives. During system installation, a single, resizable paging file is created

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The root directory is the central folder of the drive, which contains all the information. In order to go to it, select with the mouse on the desktop the button "Start" and "My Computer". In the window that opens, click the required drive - the result will be in its root directory (folder)

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You can install more than one operating system on one computer disk, but as many as you like. Usually, two operating systems on one computer are enough for games and work. Moreover, it is quite successfully possible to combine such systems with different architecture as the Windows family and Linux-like systems

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The system registry is where you store information about your computer's configuration. In most cases, the user does not have to work with the system registry. However, sometimes, for example, if you suspect the presence of viruses or Trojans, you may need to view the system registry

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External disks are storage devices that allow you to transfer a large amount of information between computers in the same way as a flash drive. But, if the maximum volume of a flash drive at this time is 32 gigabytes, then an external drive can hold much more information (up to 1TB)

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The error when, when installing Windows XP, the installer cannot find hard drives on the laptop, in most cases it is caused by the lack of the necessary SATA drivers. The error can be corrected by the user himself. Instructions Step 1 This problem is typical for notebooks with SATA hard drives

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In the Windows operating system, each file type has its own extension. In some distributions, the display of extensions is disabled by default, which is not liked by all users. Enabling the display of extensions significantly improves the usability of your computer

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The matrix of an LCD monitor is composed of a fixed number of dots, and the best image quality is obtained when the resolution selected in the OS settings matches the matrix format. In addition to the basic resolution, there are several additional options, the use of which is approved by the designers, since the picture deteriorates within acceptable limits

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On some computers, users often install more than one operating system, and this is done for various reasons - compatibility with programs, a desire to compare systems with each other, or any other options. However, it may be necessary to remove one of these systems

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The need to enable the hidden Administrator account arises for users of Windows OS version Vista or 7 when certain system changes are made. This procedure can be carried out in several ways. Instructions Step 1 Call the main system menu by clicking on the "

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The Security Center coordinates the work of programs responsible for the smooth functioning of your computer. Sometimes this service is disabled, and enabling it can cause some difficulties for the inexperienced user. Instructions Step 1 By default, Windows Security Center is enabled and monitors your system's security settings and settings

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During the operation of a computer, a situation may arise when it is necessary to test the operation of one or another software on various operating systems. Or some of the programs are designed for a strictly specific operating system, while all the rest work under your main "

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If you do not want any of the accounts on your computer to be available, you can disable it. This does not mean that it will be removed. You can always turn it back on. You can disable any account, including the special “Guest” account, which is always present by default in operating systems of the Windows family

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The Reminder feature, available to all Windows 7 users, is sometimes very useful. It looks like this: at a given time, a phrase that you yourself created appears on the computer monitor, and reminds you of something important. It can be an important call, some kind of daily obligatory action

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Free DOS is an operating system (OS) that is fully compatible with Microsoft's released MS-DOS, but differs in that it is distributed under the terms of the GNU Free License. The OS was released in 2006 and is installed by default on laptops and computers from various manufacturers

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Operating systems support multiple languages. On Windows, switching between Russian and English layouts is implemented by default. In the process of working with the system, the input settings may change and some options may need to be edited to enable the English layout

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In the Windows operating system, it is possible to simultaneously minimize all open programs using one button "Minimize all windows". This displays minimized windows as buttons on the taskbar, and hides dialogs. To restore minimized windows, just click on the "

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Many users love the good old classic Windows Start Menu. It is convenient, understandable, familiar and concise. Can I get it back on newer versions of Windows, including Windows 10? Let's get a look. Modern Start Menu This is what the modern Start menu looks like in Windows 10

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During installation, the Windows operating system prompts for a password. It is usually not entered, so logging in is straightforward. But if a password is set, the user has to enter it every time they log on to the system. Sometimes it becomes necessary to change the entered password or completely disable its input

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The possibility of simultaneous operation of a personal computer under the control of several operating systems does not yet exist, therefore it is impossible to switch between them in the usual sense of this action. However, there is a choice of OS at the stage of starting or restarting the computer

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Often, users are faced with the need to extend trial versions of certain programs. their purchase can cost a lot of money, and the interface of the demo versions is quite enough to perform the necessary actions. To renew the demo version, you need to get a special program

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The licensed operating system of your computer is a guarantee of complete, safe operation and high-quality technical support. You can install the official Windows yourself. Necessary - licensed Windows; Instructions Step 1 Purchase a licensed operating system for your personal computer

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A folder on a computer is a kind of container for storing various data. Folders are convenient to use when you need to organize content on local drives or removable media, collect the necessary folders and files in one place. The peculiarities of working with folders and their appearance will depend on which settings are selected

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Folders are used in all operating systems to organize the structure of information stored in files. Partly correct, in her opinion, the directory structure is created by the OS itself, and partly this task is solved by the user himself. If you decide, for example, to combine two or more folders into one, it will be easy to do this using the system file manager

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In the Microsoft Windows operating system, many elements can be customized by the user to suit his needs and in accordance with his taste. Having got used to opening pages on the Internet with a single click of the mouse, the user may wonder if it is possible to open files with one click of the mouse, for example, on the "

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In the vast majority of cases, programs installed in Windows are launched using the mouse - by double-clicking on the appropriate shortcut on the desktop or by selecting the link to the desired application in the main menu on the Start button

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Burning a disk image to a flash drive means unpacking the files of this image. Such flash media are most often used when installing operating systems, mainly on netbooks. The netbook is designed to save space, so the installation disc should be small

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When the computer is turned on, the processor accesses the ROM chip, which contains the BIOS codes - the boot program. The BIOS initiates the launch of a POST - a computer hardware autotest. After successful completion of the test, control is transferred to the operating system

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The procedure for writing an operating system to a flash drive depends on the subsequent use of this medium, as well as on which OS is being recorded. All this affects the complexity of the recording process. Necessary A computer with an Internet connection, a flash drive

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Russifiers of some programs sin in that after their installation, some interface elements are named in the form of incomprehensible hieroglyphs. Let's consider this case using Windows XP as an example. Instructions Step 1 To get started, click the "

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A font in Windows 7 is used as a component for a user to create his own graphic files or documents using his own character sets. Installation of fonts in the system environment is performed using the standard "Fonts" tool available through the "

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The appearance and display of all buttons, panels, icons, menus, titles and other accessories of the windowed user interface depends on the parameters set in the system. One of these parameters is the system font. For each user, the size and typeface may be different from the system's default values

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Some articles, especially those of a popular science nature, have to use special characters such as trademark marks, mathematical symbols, or symbols from other languages. These characters are not available on the standard keyboard layout. However, there are ways in which they can be inserted into text in a text editor

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From time to time, we have to insert characters into the text that are not on the keyboard. Among them are the symbols © ®҉ † ™ ° ↑ ↘⑧❺℠℗ ₰ ҈ and many others, which are not at all difficult to use. Instructions Step 1 There are at least two easy ways to use special characters

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Any laptop will not work without an operating system. The boot process on a Windows laptop is not that much of a hassle, although it can take several hours. Many laptops are sold with Windows already installed. They are generally much more expensive

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There are often situations where the performance of your computer gradually decreases. Not everyone knows that reinstalling the operating system is not the only way to restore the PC to its original state. In the process of using a personal computer, many users periodically install various programs

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A computer is quite an expensive technique, so you want it to last as long as possible. In this regard, the question arises - what is more useful for the machine: regular shutdown, giving the system a rest, or constant work. Many PC users have a question - how long can you leave your computer turned on

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Changing the drive letter in Windows operating systems is carried out using the Disk Management snap-in. 26 letters are allowed, from A to Z. The letters A and B are reserved for removable drives. The rest of the letters can be used for drive names

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The Windows OS manufacturer recommends not to change the drive letters assigned to the operating system, as this can lead to unpleasant consequences, up to the complete inoperability of the OS. However, such a need may still arise, for example, after dividing a mirrored disk volume into several independent partitions

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A hard disk partition is a group of contiguous blocks in its physical space, which for the convenience of work is allocated into an independent area. Each such partition can use its own file system and cluster size. In the process of installing the OS or when creating a new section, each next section is marked with a Latin letter (letter), and the user can also give him his own name

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The way to delete files in operating systems of the GNU / Linux family, and Ubuntu in particular, differs from that used in Windows. To perform this operation, you can use the graphical interface, the command line, and the Midnight Commander file manager

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In some cases, it becomes necessary to delete data from the media without the possibility of their recovery. It is known that most file systems, after a file has been deleted, remove the pointer to it and mark the space it occupies as free. In fact, the data will remain on the medium until it is overwritten with new ones

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A nice feature of operating systems of the Linux family is the ability to flexibly modify them. So, if desired, the user can install a newer kernel. In this case, it will be possible to boot with the kernel of the previous version. However, after confirmation of the stable operation of the system is received, it makes sense to remove the old kernel

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The Linux operating system cannot yet compete in popularity with Windows. Many users install it just for the sake of curiosity and after a while want to return to the old OS again. Basically, the main reason for abandoning Linux is the inconvenience of installing programs

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External IP addresses are used when you need to create a remote computer access, VPN connection, or home server. The procedure for opening the necessary ports is a standard operation performed in the Windows Firewall settings. Instructions Step 1 Call the main menu of the Windows XP operating system to perform the procedure for opening the necessary ports and go to the "

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Windows Firewall is a built-in tool in this operating system that checks data entering over the local network and the Internet. To run applications installed on your computer, you may need to open a port. Instructions Step 1 If your computer is running Windows XP, double-click the icon in the Control Panel to open the Windows Firewall service

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The development of Internet technologies today makes it easy to communicate, work and play over the network with any inhabitant of the planet. To do this, the computer must have an active Internet connection, which is set, including through special ports

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The command line or console (konsole) in Linux is used to manage many system processes. The graphical interface is a kind of add-on or shell of the operating system. The console can be called in the window manager, while the work will continue in graphical mode

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It is not clear why, for more than a decade and a half, a command has not appeared in the Windows Explorer that allows you to get a list of files for further work with it. You can implement this operation using third-party cataloging software

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There are cases that require restarting the computer without human intervention. Such an operation can be carried out using a command line tool, batch file, via remote access or in automatic mode. In this case, the usual combination of the menu "

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Remote control of other computers is carried out using special software. At the same time, setting up these programs is quite accessible. Possible solutions Remote control of other computers is carried out through communication with them over the Internet

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Disabling the user welcome page on computers running different versions of Windows is subject to general rules and varies very slightly. No additional software is required. Instructions Step 1 Make sure that you are logged into the Windows XP version with a local administrator account, and open the main menu by clicking the "

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A screen saver or screensaver is used in computers to conserve power consumption and to conserve monitor resources. By default, the screen saver appears on the monitor every 10 minutes of inactivity. Use these tips to turn off the display of the screen saver

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Changing access permissions - Access Control Entry - in the Microsoft Windows XP operating system is a standard procedure, the implementation of which assumes that the user has administrative access to system resources. Instructions Step 1 Call the main menu of the Microsoft Windows XP operating system by clicking the "

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Modern operating systems have built-in security mechanisms. These utilities help to effectively resist external threats, allowing you to ensure long-term stable operation of programs and the OS itself. Necessary - access to the Internet

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Protection of the Windows operating system is used to "roll back" the entire structure to a working state, before any changes are made to it, or the action of malicious programs. However, there are situations when it is necessary to temporarily (in some cases and for a long period) disable system protection

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If several people work at the same computer, it may be necessary to block one of them from the ability to run executable files, i.e. files with the extension exe. To do this, it is enough to use the standard tools of the Windows operating system

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Some users require multiple operating systems on a single computer. They are usually installed to test the health of various applications or programs. Necessary - Windows installation disc; - Partition Manager. Instructions Step 1 If you already have one operating system installed, then prepare your computer to install the second OS

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Installing and reinstalling the operating system is the primary skill that every self-respecting laptop or computer user should have. This process is very interesting, and it requires certain knowledge in the field of working with disk partitions